Informationen über PCI/USB/PCMCIA Geräte anzeigen
~ # lspci (-vv) 00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation 82945G/GZ/P/PL Memory Controller Hub (rev 02) 02:00.0 Ethernet controller: Intel Corporation 82573L Gigabit Ethernet Controller~ # lsusb Bus 005 Device 001: ID 0000:0000 Bus 002 Device 001: ID 0000:0000 Bus 004 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
Update der Datenbank für lspci/lsusb die Geräte identifiziert
~ # update-pciids % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed 100 137k 100 137k 0 0 62870 0 0:00:02 0:00:02 --:--:-- 73637 Done.~ # update-usbids --08:22:57-- http://linux-usb.sourceforge.net/usb.ids => `/var/lib/usbutils/usb.ids.new' Auflösen des Hostnamen »linux-usb.sourceforge.net«.... 66.35.250.209 Verbindungsaufbau zu linux-usb.sourceforge.net|66.35.250.209|:80... verbunden. HTTP Anforderung gesendet, warte auf Antwort... 200 OK Länge: 206.777 (202K) [text/plain]100%[============================================>] 206.777 140.04K/s08:22:59 (139.56 KB/s) - »/var/lib/usbutils/usb.ids.new« gespeichert [206777/206777]Done.
Systemvariablen anzeigen/ändern
~ # sysctl -a dev.parport.parport0.devices.active = none dev.parport.parport0.modes = PCSPP,TRISTATE,EPP dev.parport.parport0.dma = -1 ... fs.file-max = 101443 fs.file-nr = 1696 0 101443 fs.inode-state = 32523 13665 0 0 0 0 0 fs.inode-nr = 32523 13665
~ # sysctl kernel.hostname=deepdance
Aktivität von Partitionen anzeigen
~ # vmstat -d disk- ------------reads------------ ------------writes----------- -----IO------ total merged sectors ms total merged sectors ms cur sec ram0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ram1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ram2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ram3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ram4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ram5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ram6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ram7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ram8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ram9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ram10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ram11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ram12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ram13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ram14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ram15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 hda 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 sda 25640971 15424452 2643751330 218804424 60081536 142003150 1681161416 595195676 0 265687 sdb 25234870 15371843 2617084684 239739472 60068571 142013756 1681144176 608372040 0 277115 md0 41657 0 3285632 0 93 0 9312 0 0 0 md1 69610349 0 3714493562 0 194133118 0 1553064944 0 0 0 fd0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 loop0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 loop1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 loop2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 loop3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 loop4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 loop5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 loop6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 loop7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
aktuell Verbundene Benutzer (w/who)
~ # w 08:41:14 up 151 days, 11:53, 1 user, load average: 1,16, 0,95, 0,86 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT root pts/0 proxy174.de 08:40 0.00s 0.09s 0.00s w
die letzten Logins anzeigen
~ # last root pts/0 p508d4093.dip.t- Sun Dec 23 15:28 still logged in root pts/0 p508d4093.dip.t- Sun Dec 23 09:48 - 09:55 (00:07) root pts/0 p508d78ce.dip.t- Sat Dec 22 10:27 - 10:27 (00:00) web1 ftpd3785 ::ffff:80.141.12 Fri Dec 21 19:08 - 19:08 (00:00)wtmp begins Sat Dec 1 11:49:43 2007
woher bezieht ein Programm seine Infos?
~ # strace free
Laufene Prozesse anzeigen (top/htop)
~ # top top - 08:48:08 up 151 days, 12:00, 1 user, load average: 0.91, 0.88, 0.85 Tasks: 128 total, 1 running, 127 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie Cpu(s): 9.1%us, 0.2%sy, 0.0%ni, 90.0%id, 0.6%wa, 0.0%hi, 0.0%si, 0.0%st Mem: 1028104k total, 1009936k used, 18168k free, 60032k buffers Swap: 1992040k total, 56k used, 1991984k free, 434496k cachedPID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ COMMAND 13113 root 18 0 36696 34m 864 S 49 3.5 27296:34 dnstop 1 root 15 0 1852 584 500 S 0 0.1 0:03.02 init 2 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:06.94 migration/0 3 root 34 19 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:00.52 ksoftirqd/0 4 root RT 0 0 0 0 S 0 0.0 0:06.22 migration/1
Bootmeldung anzeigen
~ # dmesg Linux version 2.6.18-4-686 (Debian 2.6.18.dfsg.1-12etch2) (dannf@debian.org) (gcc version 4.1.2 20061115 (prerelease) (Debian 4.1.1-21)) #1 SMP Wed May 9 23:03:12 UTC 2007 BIOS-provided physical RAM map: ... ACPI: RSDP (v000 ASUS ) @ 0x000f5330 ACPI: RSDT (v001 ASUS P4PE-XSE 0x42302e31 MSFT 0x31313031) @ 0x3ffec000 ACPI: FADT (v001 ASUS P4PE-XSE 0x42302e31 MSFT 0x31313031) @ 0x3ffec0c0 ACPI: BOOT (v001 ASUS P4PE-XSE 0x42302e31 MSFT 0x31313031) @ 0x3ffec030 ACPI: MADT (v001 ASUS P4PE-XSE 0x42302e31 MSFT 0x31313031) @ 0x3ffec058 ACPI: DSDT (v001 ASUS P4PE-XSE 0x00001000 MSFT 0x0100000b) @ 0x00000000
Hardware Übersicht (lshw)
~ # lshw -short H/W path Device Class Description ========================================================= system System Name /0 bus P4PE-X /0/0 memory 64KB BIOS /0/4 processor Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4 CPU 2.66GHz /0/4/9 memory 8KB L1 cache /0/4/a memory 512KB L2 cache /0/2b memory 1GB System Memory /0/2b/0 memory 512MB DIMM DRAM Synchronous /0/2b/1 memory 512MB DIMM DRAM Synchronous /0/2b/2 memory DIMM DRAM Synchronous [empty]/0/f8000000 bridge 82845G/GL[Brookdale-G]/GE/PE DRAM Controller/Host-Hub Interface /0/f8000000/1 bridge 82845G/GL[Brookdale-G]/GE/PE Host-to-AGP Bridge /0/f8000000/1/0 /dev/fb0 display Rage 128 Pro Ultra TF /0/f8000000/1e bridge 82801 PCI Bridge /0/f8000000/1e/b eth1 network 3c905C-TX/TX-M [Tornado] /0/f8000000/1f bridge 82801DB/DBL (ICH4/ICH4-L) LPC Interface Bridge /0/f8000000/1f.1 storage 82801DB (ICH4) IDE Controller /0/f8000000/1f.1/0 ide0 bus IDE Channel 0 /0/f8000000/1f.1/0/0 /dev/hda disk 74GB WDC WD800BB-00JHC0 /0/f8000000/1f.1/0/0/1 /dev/hda1 disk Linux filesystem partition /0/f8000000/1f.1/0/0/2 /dev/hda2 disk Linux swap / Solaris partition /0/f8000000/1f.1/1 ide1 bus IDE Channel 1 /0/f8000000/1f.1/1/0 /dev/hdc disk SAMSUNG CD-ROM SC-152A /0/f8000000/1f.1/1/0/0 /dev/hdc disk
Offene Ports anzeigen
~ # netstat -l | grep -e ^tcp -e ^udp tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:60000 *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:10024 *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:10025 *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:mysql *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:10030 *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.localdo:spamd *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:sunrpc *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:auth *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 domain.de:domain *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.locald:domain *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:47832 *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 localhost.localdoma:953 *:* LISTEN tcp 0 0 *:smtp *:* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 *:imaps *:* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 *:pop3 *:* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 *:imap2 *:* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 *:www *:* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 *:domain *:* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 *:ftp *:* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 ip6-localhost:953 *:* LISTEN tcp6 0 0 *:https *:* LISTEN udp 0 0 *:58911 *:* udp 0 0 *:946 *:* udp 0 0 domain.de:domain *:* udp 0 0 localhost.locald:domain *:* udp 0 0 *:57570 *:* udp 0 0 *:sunrpc *:* udp6 0 0 *:58912 *:* udp6 0 0 *:domain *:*
Festplatte/Partitionen anzeigen
~ # df -h Dateisystem Größe Benut Verf Ben% Eingehängt auf /dev/hda1 35G 7,4G 26G 23% / tmpfs 507M 0 507M 0% /lib/init/rw udev 10M 48K 10M 1% /dev tmpfs 507M 4,0K 507M 1% /dev/shm~ # cat /proc/partitions major minor #blocks name3 0 78150744 hda 3 1 37110118 hda1 3 2 3036285 hda2
Motherboard Sensoren
~ # apt-get install mbmon~ # mbmon -ATemp.= 32.0, 25.0, 35.0; Rot.= 2986, 0, 0 Vcore = 1.62, 1.60; Volt. = 3.31, 5.16, 11.25, -10.29, -4.44
weitere System Sensoren
~ # apt-get install lm-sensors~ # sensors-detect... laptops, for example.Driver `to-be-written' (should be inserted): Detects correctly: * ISA bus address 0x0290 (Busdriver `i2c-isa') Chip `ITE IT8702F Super IO Sensors' (confidence: 9)I will now generate the commands needed to load the required modules. Just press ENTER to continue:To make the sensors modules behave correctly, add these lines to /etc/modules:#----cut here---- # I2C adapter drivers i2c-i801 # Chip drivers eeprom # no driver for ITE IT8702F Super IO Sensors yet #----cut here---- Do you want to add these lines to /etc/modules automatically? (yes/NO)~ # sensorsw83627ehf-isa-0290 Adapter: ISA adapter VCore: +1.26 V (min = +0.00 V, max = +1.74 V) in1: +12.30 V (min = +3.01 V, max = +7.97 V) ALARM AVCC: +3.33 V (min = +1.94 V, max = +3.98 V) 3VCC: +3.33 V (min = +3.31 V, max = +0.72 V) ALARM in4: +1.68 V (min = +0.19 V, max = +0.48 V) ALARM in5: +1.62 V (min = +2.02 V, max = +1.26 V) ALARM in6: +5.22 V (min = +5.89 V, max = +2.64 V) ALARM VSB: +3.34 V (min = +0.16 V, max = +3.20 V) ALARM VBAT: +3.23 V (min = +3.76 V, max = +0.78 V) ALARM in9: +1.62 V (min = +0.99 V, max = +0.33 V) ALARM Case Fan: 0 RPM (min = 47 RPM, div = 128) ALARM CPU Fan: 2109 RPM (min = 2636 RPM, div = 4) ALARM Aux Fan: 0 RPM (min = 3629 RPM, div = 4) ALARM fan4: 0 RPM (min = 7417 RPM, div = 2) ALARM Sys Temp: +33°C (high = +73°C, hyst = +32°C) CPU Temp: +25.0°C (high = +80.0°C, hyst = +75.0°C) AUX Temp: +43.5°C (high = +80.0°C, hyst = +75.0°C)
Herausfinden, in welchem Pfad sich ein Programm befindet
~ # which ping /bin/ping
Website von der Console aufrufen (lynx)
lynx ermöglicht es, dass man Webseiten von der Console aufrufen kann. Für Notfälle sehr hilfreich.
